PHN 652- ASSIGNMENT-TOPIC 7- Benchmark – Funding Plan

PHN 652- ASSIGNMENT-TOPIC 7- Benchmark – Funding Plan

 

VERY IMPORTANT-Details
PLEASE REFER TO ORDER 133891 TO COMPLETE THIS PAPER. Order 133891 has the implementation plan you will be referring to. I have uploaded a copy of order 133891 for reference.
You have to use the same chosen population from order 133867 and 133891 (The population of focus is adolescents between 12 to 18 years old in high school)
-DO NOT write about mental health in this paper.
-Details of the question and the rubric are also uploaded – Read the rubric before you start.
-Please include the introduction, Thesis statement, and Conclusion in the paper.
– Include section headings for each section component where needed
– Sources must be published within the last 5 years. It must be from 2016 and after
– Sources must be appropriate for the assignment criteria and public health content.
– Please do not use blogs as references
-References should be in APA 7th ed. FORMAT
-Please make sure you add the in -text citations
NO PLAGARISM
-Add references to reference page
-Add the hyperlink for each reference in APA 7th edition format.
Thank you

 

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Solution

Introduction 

Stable, sufficient, and dedicated funding will be required to help public health agencies to implement different public health interventions and perform their core public health functions of policy development, assessment, and assurance. It is therefore important for public health practitioners to understand how to develop a funding plan that can sustain proposed public health interventions and also convince donors to make the necessary investments in certain public health interventions. This paper evaluates the process of creating a plan for funding an intervention related to addressing the challenge of alcohol and substance abuse among adolescents between 12 to 18 years in high school. This paper also relies on the best management and financial planning practices in the development of the funding plan.

Data Highlighting Targeted Health Disparity

According to the CDC, there is a high prevalence of alcohol and substance abuse behavior among adolescents in the US. In the present times, marijuana, alcohol tobacco are the most abused substances among adolescents between 12 and 18 years. Surveys conducted focusing on adolescents have indicated that by the time adolescents reach 12th grade, nearly two-thirds of them will have tried alcohol(CDC, 2020). 50% of adolescents between 9 and 12 grade also report having ever used marijuana. On the other hand, nearly 40% of adolescents between 9 and 12 trade report having tried smoking cigarettes. 20% of adolescence in 12th grade also report using prescription medicine without having a prescription (SAMHSA, 2019). Such statistics clearly indicate a significant problem of alcohol and substance abuse among adolescents between 12 to 18 years. The abuse of alcohol and substances among adolescents is also a significant public health issue because of the negative effects of such abuse on these age groups. Substance abuse can negatively affect the growth and development of adolescences and, more specifically, their brain development.  Alcohol and substance abuse behavior can also lead to the onset of other risky behaviors among adolescents, such as dangerous driving and unprotected sex. Finally, substance abuse can result in the development of problems when adolescents mature, such as high blood pressure, heart diseases, and sleep disorders (SAMHSA, 2019).

 Health Disparity Targeted Through the Intervention

Adolescents between 12 to 18 years are disproportionately affected by alcohol and substance abuse mainly because of Peer Pressure and exposure to advertisements through the media. According to the CDC, although adolescents are below the legal age of alcohol consumption, they account for at least 10% of all the alcohol that is consumed in the US (CDC, 2020). Adolescents face significant health risks associated with the abuse of alcohol. According to the CDC, more than 75% of adolescents try alcohol before reaching 12th grade, with a significant proportion of this population becoming addicted to alcohol. The disparities in the prevalence of alcohol and substance abuse among adolescents between 12 to 18 years and the larger population are therefore evident (CDC, 2020).

Intervention Sustainability

According to Walugembe et al. (2019), sustainability in community health interventions will include the maintenance of the health benefits of a certain intervention over time. On the other hand, according to Herlitz et al. (2020), the sustainability of a public health intervention is the ability to maintain a program at a level that can provide ongoing treatment and prevention for certain health problems after the termination of a major financial, technical, and managerial assistant from an external donor. School-based programs are sustainable because they can guarantee health and economic benefits among the target population long after the intervention has been provided. The withdrawal of external donors from funding school-based programs can also not paralyze the programs because many schools are able to continue such interventions on their own. School-based programs are there for a sustainable way of preventing alcohol and substance abuse among adolescents (Herlitz et al., 2020).

Possible Cost Savings Resulting From Intervention Implementation

The implementation of school-based programs will result in significant cost savings. According to Herlitz et al. (2020), the benefits of school-based programs exceed costs. According to Herlitz et al. (2020), society can realize a quantifiable benefit of an average of $840 for every student who participates in drug prevention programs. This is compared to an average of $150 in costs for every participating student. Researchers have also consistently proven that nearly 95% of the time, the benefits of school-based programs exceed more than $300 or twice the costs (Herlitz et al., 2020).

Sources of Funding

The sources of funding for school-based programs include the federal government, state governments, and different non-governmental organizations (Masters et al., 2017). The federal government provides funding through the National Institute on Health (NIH) substance abuse and mental health services administration (SAMHSA) and National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Different non-governmental organizations also support school-based alcohol and substance abuse prevention programs. The federal government is the main source of funding for school-based alcohol and substance prevention programs which allows for stability and continuity of such interventions. The federal government provides continuous funding for school-based alcohol and substance abuse prevention programs through taxes which contributes to the continuity of such important public health intervention programs (Masters et al., 2017).

 

Proposed Budget

The total projected costs for the implementation of school-based programs would be $250 million with a nonfederal match of $100 million. The budget for the implementation of the school-based programs includes freight costs, travel costs, equipment costs, supplies, contract workers, direct and indirect charges, and miscellaneous charges. All the highlighted charges that would be required for the implementation of the school-based program would be $250 million for the implementation of the program every year with at least $100 million dollars in a nonfederal match from donors expected annually (Herlitz et al., 2020).

Adherence to Financial Planning and Management Best Practices

In the implementation of school-based programs, adherence to financial planning and management best practices would be important. Such practices would therefore ensure the success of the programs. One of the key areas that would ensure adherence to financial planning and best management practices would be implementing evidence-based action and innovation. The second strategy would be effective for human management, including real-time evaluation monitoring and program improvement. Effective cooperation and collaboration between public and private sector organizations also play a significant role in the implementation of school-based programs. Final effective communication and accurate displacement of information to the decision maker’s healthcare community involved non-governmental organizations and target groups will also help in the implementation of the intervention program (Herlitz et al., 2020).

Conclusion

In summary, stable, sufficient, and dedicated funding will be required to help public health agencies to implement different public health interventions. Adolescents between 12 to 18 years are disproportionately affected by alcohol and substance abuse mainly because of Peer Pressure and exposure to advertisements through the media. The implementation of school-based programs will result in significant cost savings. The sources of funding for school-based alcohol and substance abuse prevention programs include the federal government, state governments, and different non-governmental organizations. The total projected costs for the implementation of school-based programs would be $250 million with a nonfederal match of $100 million. In the implementation of school-based programs, adherence to financial planning and management best practices would be vital to the success of such programs.

 

References

CDC. (2020, February 10). Teen Substance Use & Risks. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved December 17, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/features/teen-substance-use.html

Herlitz, L., MacIntyre, H., Osborn, T., & Bonell, C. (2020). The sustainability of public health interventions in schools: a systematic review. Implementation Science, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-019-0961-8

Masters, R., Anwar, E., Collins, B., Cookson, R., & Capewell, S. (2017). Return on investment of public health interventions: a systematic review. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 71(8), 827–834. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-208141

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (SAMHSA)(2019).  Key

substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health  (HHS Publication No. PEP19-5068, NSDUH Series H-54). Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/data/

Walugembe, D. R., Sibbald, S., le Ber, M. J., & Kothari, A. (2019). Sustainability of public health interventions: where are the gaps? Health Research Policy and Systems, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-018-0405-y